Precision Farming

Precision farming (also called precision agriculture) uses GPS, satellite imagery, sensors, and data analytics to manage field variability. Instead of treating entire fields uniformly, it applies the right input at the right place, at the right time, and in the right amount.

Key technologies include satellite-derived vegetation indices (NDVI, NDWI), variable-rate application (VRA) of fertilizers and pesticides, GPS-guided machinery, soil sensors, and weather-based decision support. Precision farming can reduce input costs by 10-20% while maintaining or improving yields.